1/8/2024 0 Comments Medieval drumSimilar to the polyphonic character of the motet, madrigals featured greater fluidity and motion in the leading melody line. In Italy, the secular genre of the Madrigal became popular. While early motets were liturgical or sacred (designed for use in a church service), by the end of the thirteenth century the genre had expanded to include secular topics, such as courtly love. Related polyphonic genres included the motet and clausula genres, both also often built on an original segment of plainchant. This loose collection of repertory is often called the Magnus Liber Organi (Big Book of Organum). Some of the earliest written examples come are in a style known as Aquitanian polyphony, but the largest body of surviving organum comes from the Notre-Dame school. The principles of this kind of organum date back at least to an anonymous 9th century tract, the Musica enchiriadis, which describes the tradition of duplicating a preexisting plainchant in parallel motion at the interval of an octave, a fifth or a fourth. The accompanying line could be as simple as a second line sung in parallel intervals to the original chant (often a perfect fifth or perfect fourth away from the main melody). Organum, for example, elaborated on a chant melody by creating one or more accompanying lines. The development of polyphonic forms is often associated with the Ars antiqua style associated with Notre-Dame de Paris, but improvised polyphony around chant lines predated this. Polyphonic genres, in which multiple independent melodic lines are performed simultaneously, began to develop during the high medieval era, becoming prevalent by the later 13th and early 14th century. During the earlier medieval period, liturgical music was monophonic chant Gregorian chant became the dominant style. Liturgical as well as more general sacred contexts were important, but secular types emerged as well, including love songs and dances. Medieval music was created for a number of different uses and contexts, resulting in different music genres. The medieval period saw the creation and adaptation of systems of music notation which enabled creators to document and transmit musical ideas more easily, although notation coexisted with and complemented oral tradition.įurther information: Gregorian chant, Ars nova, Organum, Motet, Madrigal (Trecento), Canon (music), and Ballata Other music used only instruments or both voices and instruments (typically with the instruments accompanying the voices). Much medieval music is purely vocal music, such as Gregorian chant. Medieval music includes liturgical music used for the church, other sacred music, and secular or non-religious music. Following the traditional division of the Middle Ages, medieval music can be divided into Early (500–1150), High (1000–1300), and Late (1300–1400) medieval music. It is the first and longest major era of Western classical music and followed by the Renaissance music the two eras comprise what musicologists generally term as early music, preceding the common practice period. Medieval music encompasses the sacred and secular music of Western Europe during the Middle Ages, from approximately the 6th to 15th centuries.
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